Introduction: Cervical cancer is the most common, preventable cancer and does not develop suddenly from normal epithelium but is presented by a spectrum of intraepithelial neoplasia. Pap smear is an ideal screening and low cost effective test to detect intraepithelial neoplasia especially in developing countries but has limitations and needs confirmation by histopathology. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study to see correlation between cervical smear and cervical biopsy. Material and methods: This was prospective study carried out from August 2016 to August 2017 in the Department of Pathology, SMIMER, Surat. A complete clinical history and of the subjects was recorded. Pap smears stained by papanicolaou stain and cervical biopsies, with resected specimens were routinely processed and stained with H & E and examined under microscope. Conventional pap smears were reported by using Bethesda system. Results: Total number of pap smears analysed were 100. NILM constituted major group 64. Amongst the subjects with epithelial cell abnormality (ECA), Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) were 4, Atypical Squamous Cells cannot Rule Out High-Grade Squamous Intra-epithelial Lesion (ASC H) 4, Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) 12, High grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) 16. Out of 100, 66 cases are correlated. 34 cases are deferred, 8 cases of NILM on cytology were given the diagnosis of 6 cases of CIN I,2 case of CIN II on histopathology. 2 case of LSIL on pap smear turned out CIN II on histopathology. 2 cases with diagnosis of ASCH and 2 cases with diagnosis of HSIL on pap smears, both are turned out to be squamous cell carcinoma on histopathology. Conclusions: Pap smear is simple, inexpensive and can be performed in the outpatient department. Hence, it should be recommended routinely as a method of improving reproductive health, early detection of premalignant and malignant cervical lesions.

Keywords: NILM; Epithelial Cell Abnormality; Pap Smears; Cervical Cancer, Cervical Biopsy