Land degradation due to application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is major impediment for sustainable agriculture. This can be prevented by the use of earthworm involving a technology called vermitechnology. Vermiculture, vermicompost, vermicast, vermibeds and vermiwash are the related terms of this technology. There is a long tradition of the awareness related to the beneficial effects of earthworms by the ancient naturalists. Earthworms have important roles in improving soil health and maintaining balance in soil ecosystem. The limitations of traditional chemical based agriculture can be overcome by the use of earthworm as a biotechnological tool. There are different ecotypes of earthworms and some are suitable for vermiculture. Method of vermicompost preparation involving vermitechnology has been described in brief and some precautionary measures needed in this case have also been mentioned. There are many experimental evidences which showed that vemicompost is highly beneficial for the soil health and growth of plants. The Problems and Prospects of vermitechnology in our country have also been discussed briefly.

Keywords: Earthworm; Vermitechnology; Vermicompost; Soil; Organic Fertilizer; Plant.