Total hip and knee arthroplasty (TKA and THA) have been quoted to be some of the most successful operations and performed in an increasing number of patients every year around the world to reduce pain and improve function. Also, postoperative activity levels are disappointingly low in many patients, and around 20% of patients are socially isolated following surgery.1,2 Additionally, some of the patients report chronic pain after THA and TKA, respectively. Given the negative physical and psychological consequences of these factors on outcomes such as all-cause mortality, return to work, and leisure activities, there is a significant rehabilitation challenge for this population. The post-surgery patient’s sufferings may lead to allegations of medical negligence. Proper communication, rehabilitation strategy may be beneficial for the good outcome. Here we are presenting a case report and review of literature in relation to a case of a 47 years old lady who filed a complaint at National Human Rights Commission in which it was alleged that due to negligence and wrong treatment/operation by the doctorsat a tertiary care hospital, she became handicapped as she lost function of her both lower limbs