Background and objective: Endoscopy and histopathological examination plays an important role in the treatment of gastrointestinal lesions. The present study was done to evaluate and correlate the endoscopic and histopathological diagnosis of the neoplastic and non-neoplastic upper gastrointestinal lesions. Materials and methods: One hundred endoscopic biopsies were studied both retrospectively and prospectively. Biopsies were retrieved using flexible fibre-optic endoscope and also video endoscope. They were transferred to a bottle containing 10% neutral formalin, processed and stained routinely with haematoxylin and eosin. Special stains such as Mucicarmine and Giemsa were done as and when required. Results: Out of 100 endoscopic biopsies, 34% were from esophagus, 48% from gastric, 15% from gastroesophageal junction and 3% from duodenum. The correlation of endoscopic and histopathological diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal lesions was 73.12%. The sensitivity of these upper gastrointestinal lesions was 76.67%, specificity 94.28%, positive predictive value 85.19% and negative predictive value was 90.41%. Conclusion: Endoscopic examination and biopsy is a convenient procedure for accurate objective assessment of patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms. Endoscopy is incomplete without biopsy and histopathology is the gold standard for the diagnosis of endoscopically detected lesions. 

Keywords: Endoscopic biopsy; Histopathology; Upper gastrointestinal lesions; Esophageal biopsy; Gastric biopsy; Duodenal biopsy.